Abstract
The characterization of ion beam current density distribution and beam uniformity is crucial for improving broad-beam ion source technologies. The design of the broad ion beam extraction system directly affects these two parameters, therefore, depending on the application, the design and geometry of the source is changed. In this study, the effect of the presence or the absence of a neutralization process on the ion beam density was investigated. Also, the effect of the probe bias on the ion beam current measurement was evaluated. Eventually, using a flat probe, the ion beam profiles obtained from the extraction system of the ion source (Model RFIS 60, ACECR, Iran) were measured at energies from 300 eV to 1000 eV and compared in terms of current and uniformity of the ion beam in the absence of the neutralizer. In these experiments, screen and accelerator grids with different geometries (flat and convex grids) were used for comparison purposes. According to the obtained results, the flat grids generate a higher current density while the convex grids generate a more uniform beam. Therefore, each of these grid geometries can be suitable depending on the desired application.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Kaufman HR (1990) Broadbeam ion sources. Rev Sci Instrum 61(1):230–235
Meshkani S, Ghoranneviss M, SalarElahir A, Lafouti M (2015) Design and fabrication of comparative langmuir Ball-Pen probe (LBP) for the tokamak. J Fusion Energ 34(2):394–397
Sadowski M, Szydlowski A, Scholz M, Kelly H, Marquez A, Lepone A (1999) Application of solid-state nuclear track detectors for studies of fast ion beams within PF-1000 and other plasma-focus facilities. Radiat Meas 31:185–190
Lafouti M, Ghoranneviss M, SalarElahi A, Meshkani S (2015) Novel design of Multi-Purpose probe for the measurement of plasma density gradient, flow and transport. J Fusion Energ 34(2):273–276
Salar Elahi A, Ghoranneviss M (2011) Determination of tokamak plasma displacement based on vertical field coil characteristics. Fusion Eng Des 86(4-5):442–445
Roudaki FS, Salar Elahi A, Ghoranneviss M (2015) Determination of electron energy distribution function in tokamak plasma. J Fusion Energ 34(4):911–917
Ghareshabani E, Mohammadi MA (2012) Measurement of the energy of nitrogen ions produced in filippov type plasma focus used for the nitriding of titanium. J Fusion Energ 31:595– 602
Firoozbakht S, Akbarnejad E, Salar Elahi A, Ghoranneviss M (2016) Growth and characterization of tungsten oxide thin films using the reactive magnetron sputtering system. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 26 (4):889–894
Sahu G, Kumar R, Mahapatra DP (2014) Raman scattering and backscattering studies of silicon nanocrystals formed using sequential ion implantation. Silicon 6(1):65–71
Ţălu Ş, Luna C, Ahmadpourian A, Achour A, Arman A, Naderi S, Ghobadi N, Stach S, Safibonab B (2016) Micromorphology and fractal analysis of nickel–carbon composite thin films”. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 27(11):11425–11431
Kumar R, Mavi HS, Shukla AK (2010) Spectroscopic investigation of quantum confinement effects in ion implanted silicon-on-sapphire films. Silicon 2(1):25–31
Etaati GR, Amrollahi R, Habibi M, Baghdadi R (2011) Angular distribuition of argon ions and x-ray emissions in the Apf plasma focus device. J Fusion Energ 30:121–125
Tariq HAR, Khan IA, Ikhlaq U, Hussnain A (2008) Variation of ion energy flux with increasing working gas pressures using faraday cup in plasma focus device. PK ISSN 0022-2941 48:65–72
Czaus K, Skladnik-Sadowska E, Malinowski K, Kwiatkowski R et al. (2010) Mass- and energy-analysis of fast ion beams in PF-1000 by means of a Thomson spectrometer. International Conference on Plasma Diagnostics. Slides, papers and posters of Plasma Diagnostics, 12-16 April, PAM France
Harasimowicz JC, Welsch P (2010) Faraday cup for low-energy, low-intensity beam measurements at the USR, Cockroft institute and Department of physics, USA
Forck P (2003) Measurement of beam current. JUAS Archamps
Ahmad R, Hassan M, Murtaza G, Waheed A, Zakaullah M (2002) Study of lateral spread of ions emitted from 2.3kj plasma focus withhydrogen and nitrogen gases. J Fusion Energ 21:217–220
Szydlowski A, Banaszak A, Bienkowska B, Ivanova-Stanik IM, Scholz M, Sadowski MJ (2004) Measurment of fast ions and neutrons emitted from PF-1000 plasma focus device. Vacuum 76:357–360. 2004
Springham SV, Lee S, Moo SP (2002) Deuterium plasma focus measurements using solid-state nuclear track detectors. Braz. J. Phys. 32:172–178
El-Aragi GM (2010) Neutron and ion beams emitted from plasma focus (112.5 J) device. Plasma Sci Technol 12(1):1–5
Koopman DW (1971) Phys Fluids 14:1707
Zavarian AA, Ţălu Ş, Hafezi F, Achour A, Luna C, Naderi S, Mardani M, Arman A, Ahmadpourian A (2017) Study of the microstructure and surface morphology of silver nanolayers obtained by ion-beam deposition. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 28(20):15293–15301
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Salehi, M., Zavarian, A.A., Arman, A. et al. Characterization of the Ion Beam Current Density of the RF Ion Source with Flat and Convex Extraction Systems. Silicon 10, 2743–2749 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-018-9815-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-018-9815-2